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Rutgers University
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (), commonly referred to as Rutgers University, Rutgers, or RU, is an American public research university and the largest institution for higher education in New Jersey.
Originally chartered as Queen's College on November 10, 1766, Rutgers is the eighth-oldest college in the United States and one of the nine "Colonial Colleges" chartered before the American Revolution.〔Stoeckel, Althea. ("Presidents, professors, and politics: the colonial colleges and the American revolution" ), ''Conspectus of History'' (1976) 1(3):45–56.〕〔(Chapter XXIII. Education. § 13. Colonial Colleges ) in ''The Cambridge History of English and American Literature''. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1907–1921; online edition, 2000).〕 The college was renamed Rutgers College in 1825〔Institutional Research and Planning, Factbook, (Almanac of Historical Facts ), Accessed September 7, 2013〕 in honor of Colonel Henry Rutgers (1745–1830), a New York City landowner, philanthropist and former military officer, whose generous donation to the school allowed it to reopen after years of financial difficulty. For most of its existence, Rutgers was a private liberal arts college affiliated with the Dutch Reformed Church and admitted only male students. The college expanded its role in research and instruction in agriculture, engineering, and science when it was named as the state's sole land-grant college in 1864 under the Morrill Act of 1862.〔Frusciano, Thomas J. (University Archivist). ''(From "Seminary of Learning" to Public Research University: A Historical Sketch of Rutgers University )''. Rutgers University Libraries. Retrieved August 17, 2006.〕 It gained university status in 1924 with the introduction of graduate education and further expansion.〔 However, Rutgers evolved into a coeducational public research university after being designated "The State University of New Jersey" by the New Jersey Legislature in laws enacted in 1945 and 1956.〔State of New Jersey. New Jersey Statutes Annotated 18A:65-1 et seq. enacted by P.L. 1945, ch. 49, p. 115; P.L. 1956, ch. 61.〕 It is one of only two colonial colleges that later became public universities. Rutgers, however, remains something of a public-private hybrid, in particular retaining certain "private rights" against unilateral changes in its governance, name, and structure that the state might otherwise want to impose.
Rutgers has three campuses located throughout New Jersey: The New Brunswick campus in New Brunswick and adjacent Piscataway, the Newark campus and the Camden campus. The university has additional facilities elsewhere in New Jersey.〔Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. (Numbers, Statistics & Stories to Tell: Facts & Figures ). Retrieved September 7, 2013.〕 Instruction is offered by 9,000 faculty members in 175 academic departments to over 45,000 undergraduate students and more than 20,000 graduate and professional students.〔
The University is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools〔Middle States Commission on Higher Education. (Institution Directory: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey ) and (Statement of Accreditation Status: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey ). Retrieved September 7, 2013.〕 and is a member of the Committee on Institutional Cooperation,〔Committee on Institutional Cooperation / The Big Ten Conference. ("The CIC Welcomes Maryland and Rutgers to Membership" ) (news release). December 5, 2012. Retrieved December 5, 2012.〕 the Association of American Universities〔Association of American Universities.(Association of American Universities ). Retrieved August 6, 2006〕 and the Universities Research Association〔Universities Research Association, Inc. (Universities (Members) ). Retrieved August 26, 2013.〕
==History==
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